If your cat has been acting a little “off” lately, maybe throwing up, losing weight, or scooting across the floor, you might be dealing with something crawling beneath the surface, such as worms. Literally. These are sneaky parasites that can hide in your cat’s body for weeks without showing obvious signs. So, you may be wondering how to know if your cat has worms?
I have had many cat parents walk into my clinic shocked to find out their healthy-looking feline is playing host to a serious internal problem. The truth is, worms are more common than you think. So if you are wondering what to watch for, let me break it down for you step by step.
What Are Worms in Cats and Why Should You Care?
When we talk about worms in cats, we are referring to internal parasites that live and reproduce within the gastrointestinal tract or, in some cases, other parts of the body like the heart or lungs.
These parasites are more than just unpleasant. They can lead to major health issues if left untreated. Some types can even be passed on to humans, particularly children. That’s why as a veterinarian, I always stress the importance of recognizing symptoms early and seeking proper treatment.
What are the Common Types of Worms Found in Cats?
Before we explore the symptoms, it is important to understand what kinds of worms could be affecting your cat. Each has its own set of risks and signs.
- Roundworms are the most common intestinal parasites in cats, especially in kittens. They resemble spaghetti and can grow several inches long.
- Tapeworms are flat, segmented, and usually picked up through fleas.
- Hookworms are smaller but much more dangerous due to their blood-sucking nature.
Then there are whipworms, lungworms, and even heartworms, though the latter is less common in cats than in dogs. Each of these can lead to serious complications if not treated in time.
What are the Signs to Know Your Cat Might Have Worms?
Recognizing the signs of worms early can make all the difference in how quickly your cat recovers. Some symptoms are mild at first, but they become more pronounced as the infestation worsens.
Let me break down what to watch for so you can catch any issues before they become serious.
1. Changes in Your Cat’s Appetite
One of the first things I often ask owners is whether their cat’s eating habits have changed. A cat with worms may have an increased appetite because the parasites are stealing nutrients. On the flip side, some cats may lose interest in food entirely.
It is due to discomfort or nausea caused by the infestation. Either way, a shift in appetite is worth paying attention to.
2. Visible Worms or Segments in Stool or Around the Anus
It is perhaps the most obvious and alarming sign. You may notice small white or beige rice-like segments around your cat’s anus or in their litter box. These are typically tapeworm segments.
Occasionally, you might even see full worms, especially roundworms, in your cat’s feces or vomit. While unpleasant, it is a clear indication that worms are present.
3. Vomiting or Diarrhea
Digestive issues like vomiting or diarrhea often accompany a worm infestation. It happens because the parasites irritate your cat’s gastrointestinal lining. Vomiting may contain whole worms, while diarrhea may be persistent and occasionally bloody.
However, it depends on the type of worm involved. If your cat is throwing up regularly or having loose stools for more than a day or two, it’s time to consult your vet.
4. Weight Loss Despite Normal Eating
It is frustrating to see your cat eat regularly yet lose weight. And this usually means the worms are absorbing a significant amount of the nutrients your cat needs. I often find that cats with chronic roundworm or hookworm infestations will start to appear thin and weak even if their appetite seems normal.
5. A Dull, Rough, or Unkempt Coat
Your cat’s coat is a mirror of their internal health. When I see a cat with a dry, brittle, or matted coat, I always check for underlying issues like parasites. Worms interfere with nutrient absorption.
Eventually, they affects skin and coat quality. A previously silky coat that’s now rough or dirty-looking could be a red flag.
6. Swollen or Bloated Abdomen
A swollen or bloated abdomen is especially common in kittens. A round, potbellied appearance does not necessarily mean your cat is well-fed. In many cases, it indicates a heavy load of roundworms.
If your kitten’s belly looks unusually distended, it is wise to get a fecal exam done as soon as possible.
7. Increased Lethargy or Weakness
If your usually energetic cat suddenly becomes less playful, more withdrawn, or sleeps more than usual, don’t brush it off. Parasites, especially hookworms, can cause anemia and extreme fatigue. I always consider worm infestations when a cat seems to have lost its spark.
How Do Cats Get Worms in the First Place?
To truly protect your cat, it is important to understand how they get infected. Many owners are surprised to learn that even indoor cats are not completely safe. Let’s go over some of the most common sources of worm transmission.
1. Eating Infected Prey or Contaminated Food
Cats are natural hunters, and this instinct can get them into trouble. Eating rodents, birds, or reptiles that carry larvae is one of the main ways cats pick up parasites like roundworms and tapeworms.
Even some undercooked meats or raw diets may pose a risk if not handled properly. Always supervise outdoor cats and be cautious with homemade raw food plans.
2. Fleas and Other Parasites
Tapeworms in particular rely on flea transmission. If your cat swallows even one infected flea while grooming, it can lead to a tapeworm infection. This is why I always emphasize year-round flea prevention, even if you think your home is flea-free. One missed dose can open the door for problems.
3. Contact With Contaminated Soil or Feces
Whether your cat is outside or shares a litter box with another infected pet, exposure to contaminated soil or feces is a common route of infection. Roundworm and hookworm eggs can survive in the environment for weeks. Keep litter boxes clean and avoid letting your cat roam in unsupervised areas.
How Worms Affect Your Cat’s Health Over Time?
While some infestations may appear minor at first, untreated worms can have long-term consequences. Let’s explore what might happen if the problem is ignored and why timely treatment is so crucial.
1. Malnutrition and Growth Issues
Parasites compete for essential nutrients, which lead to deficiencies that can stunt growth, especially in kittens. Over time, even adult cats can suffer from chronic weight loss, weakened immunity, and slower recovery from other illnesses. This is why regular deworming is a foundational part of feline healthcare.
2. Anemia and Organ Damage
Hookworms are notorious for feeding on blood from the intestinal walls. In young or already weak cats, this can lead to severe anemia, noticeable through pale gums and lethargy. Some worms, like lungworms or heartworms, can even cause respiratory or cardiovascular damage, though these are less common but still serious.
3. Secondary Infections and Behavior Changes
The stress that worms place on your cat’s immune system makes them more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections. I have also noticed some cats develop behavioral issues such as aggression or restlessness due to discomfort. Addressing the root cause often resolves these behaviors.
How to Diagnose Worms in Cats? What Vets Like Me Look For
If you bring your cat to me with any of the signs we have discussed, the first thing I do is run a fecal examination. It allows us to detect eggs or larvae under the microscope. Sometimes multiple tests are needed to confirm an infestation, as not all worms shed eggs constantly.
In rare or complicated cases, I may recommend additional bloodwork or imaging, especially if heartworms or lungworms are suspected. Once we know what we are dealing with, we can build a customized treatment and prevention plan.
How to Treat Worms in Cats?
Treatment usually depends on the type of worm involved. I never recommend using over-the-counter medications without a proper diagnosis because not all dewormers are broad-spectrum.
Here is what I typically prescribe based on the situation.
- Prescription dewormers such as pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, or praziquantel are very effective when used correctly. These medications are given orally or via injection, and I often repeat the treatment in a few weeks to target different life stages of the worms.
- For tapeworms, I always make sure flea control is part of the strategy, otherwise, reinfection is almost certain.
How to Prevent Your Cat From Worms?
The best way to deal with worms is to avoid them in the first place. I always advise a combination of good hygiene, regular deworming, and flea control to minimize the risks. Indoor cats should be dewormed at least twice a year, while outdoor cats may need quarterly treatments. Further, you have to make sure to clean litter boxes daily, and don’t forget to keep your cat’s environment flea-free.
Let’s Rewind
So, now you know everything about how to determine if there are worms in your cats, even when the signs are mild. The good news is that with a bit of awareness and timely care, they are entirely treatable and preventable.
If you have noticed any of the symptoms we talked about, whether it is vomiting, visible worms, or a change in appetite, don’t wait. Reach out to your vet and get a proper diagnosis.
Regular check-ups and preventive care go a long way in ensuring your feline friend enjoys a long, happy life.
